Orthopaedics

A joint replacement is planned around three things: whether replacement is the right option, who performs it, and what happens afterwards — rehabilitation, travel and follow-up. Recovery continues long after the operation, so a good plan includes the weeks of physiotherapy and the return journey, not only the hospital stay.

This guide covers the practical planning questions for knee or hip replacement in India. It is general information and not a substitute for orthopaedic advice.

Confirm what is needed before the date

Start with imaging and the surgeon’s opinion. X-rays, and in some cases MRI, establish the degree of arthritis or damage and whether replacement is appropriate or whether another procedure (such as arthroscopy, osteotomy or a partial replacement) may be more suitable. Ask whether this is a first or a revision replacement, since revision cases are more complex.

Choose the surgeon and hospital together

Ask how many joint replacements the surgeon performs each year and how many of your type of case they manage. Confirm that the hospital provides physiotherapy, infection-control processes, an on-site blood bank and quick access to imaging and medical support. The rehabilitation floor and nursing care matter as much as the operating theatre.

Implants: what to ask about

Implants are a major part of a knee or hip replacement. Ask which implant brand and type the estimate assumes, how it is matched to your bone, whether the hospital stocks the matching instruments, and whether the implant carries any registry or warranty documentation. Differences in implant cost explain part of the difference between quotations — compare the same implant when comparing prices.

Length of stay and recovery expectations

Ask the surgeon for a realistic range for your case, how the new joint is checked, and which warning signs mean you should seek urgent care (such as increased pain, swelling, fever or wound problems).

Plan rehabilitation before the operation

Recovery is driven by rehabilitation, not the operation alone. Ask who provides physiotherapy in hospital and after discharge, how many sessions are included, and whether the estimate covers rehabilitation. Arrange a practical space at home and a helper for the first weeks if you are travelling alone is not advisable after a replacement.

Fitness to fly and the journey home

• Ask the treating doctor how soon you may fly and what assistance is needed at the airport.
• Plan for leg movement and, where advised, compression stockings to reduce blood-clot risk on long flights.
• Confirm blood-thinning advice with the treating team before travel.
• Book an aisle seat and request wheelchair assistance where appropriate.
• On long journeys follow the team’s advice on standing, walking and hydration.

Understand the estimate

Ask what the replacement estimate includes: the implant itself, surgery and team fees, room and nursing for the assumed days, anaesthesia, standard medicines, physiotherapy, and scheduled follow-up. Confirm what is excluded and what happens if the stay is longer than expected. See our treatment estimate guide for a fuller checklist.

Questions patients ask